

MW« 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



tip Zftiopq 

UNITED OF AMERICA. 



PHONETIC 
WORD PAINTING 



A METHOD OF REPRESENTING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 

BY AN ALPHABET EQUALLY WELL ADAPTED 

TO PRINTING AND TO WRITING. 



IK THREE STYLES: 

■ 

FULL HAND, BUSINESS AND REPORTING; 

SIMPLE, SCIENTIFIC, LEGIBLE, BRIEF; 

THEORETICALLY TRUE, PRACTICALLY USEFUL. 



By CHARLES C. CHASE, 

Washington, Alameda Co., Cal. 



SAN FRANCISCO: 

A. L. BANCROFT & COMI^lSrY, PRINTERS, 

721 MARKET STREET. 

1880. 



WARRANTY DEI 



3D 



(BUSINESS STYLE.) 



^TVC^ 



^=$^ 



m 






— t 



PHONETIC 
WORD PAINTING 



A METHOD OF REPRESENTING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 

BY AN ALPHABET EQUALLY WELL ADAPTED 

TO PRINTING AND TO WRITING. 



IK THREE STYLES: 

FULL HAND, BUSINESS AND REPORTING; 

SIMPLE, SCIENTIFIC, LEGIBLE, BRIEF; 

THEORETICALLY TRUE, PRACTICALLY USEFUL. 



By CHARLES C. CHASE, 

W.16HIN6TON, Alameda Co., Cal. 



SAN FRANCISCO: 
J±. L. BANCROFT & COHYEIPAIISrY, PRINTERS, 

721 MARKET STREET. 

1880. 



Entered according to Act of Congre68, in the year 1879, by 

Chables C. Chase, 
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington 



cy 



1/ 



PREFACE 



An earnest desire to see introduced into general use a 
system of Phonetic short-hand writing adapted to use in 
ordinary business transactions and correspondence, has led 
the author to the production of a radically new system of 
representing the English language in writing and printing. 

In 1853 the author heard a story told with vowels only, 
which was easily understood. The question then occurred 
to him — do not the VOWELS, and not the " consonants, 
constitute the body of speech ? ' ' 

The solution of this question is the object of this little 
work. 

Word Painting has the following advantages over any 
system known to the author. 

1st. It is simpler, requiring few rules and having no 
exceptions. 

2d. It makes a more comprehensive and systematic use 
of stenographic material. 

3d. The same letters may be used in both printing and 
writing. 

4th. Thirty-nine forms of letters may be printed with 
seventeen forms of type. 

5th. The printing style may be written with pen or 
pencil, with at least twice the brevity of common writing, 
and learned in one-fourth the time, its simple characters and 
Phonetic spelling being both much more easily learned than 
the complex letters and still more complex spelling of com- 
mon writing. In this way any child that is old enough to 
learn to read anything, may learn to read and write at the 



4 PREFACE. 

same time, the learning of each art being a great help in 
the acquisition of the other. 

6th. By simply uniting the letters of each word in ac- 
cordance with a simple rule, a full hand style is formed 
four times as brief as common writing, in which the writer 
may critically indicate every sound of every word. 

7th. By using a few syllabic and word-signs a business 
style is formed briefer than the business or corresponding 
style of Phonography, in which every word of a deed, 
mortgage, bond, note or other business paper may be 
written with as much certainty and accuracy as in common 
print. 

8th. By the use of a few more word signs and the 
VOWEL skeleton, instead of the consonant outline, a re- 
porting style is formed, all the rules and principles of which 
may be learned in a few hours' study, which is more easily 
written, briefer and more legible than any system in use. 

9th. Each style is as distinct from the others as the 
steps of a stone stairway, and yet each is a complete step- 
ping-stone to or from the succeeding or preceding style. 
All may be learned in connection, or each by itself. 

10th. The use of this system will soon make the char- 
acter and use of the vowels as certain as that of the conso- 
nants. 

Honest, intelligent criticism is courted as a means of 
improvement. 

The author thankfully acknowledges his indebtedness 
to the writings of the Pitmans, Longley, Ellis, Andrews, 
Graham, Lathrop, Dawson, Webster, Kellogg, Duploye, 
Whitney, March, Vickroy and many other writers on Pho- 
nography and Phonetic reform, whose labors in Phonetic 
science have made his system a possibility. 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



INTRODUCTION. 



1. Spoken English consists of thirty-five elementary 
sounds — thirteen vowels and twenty-two consonants. The 
consonants are light or heavy. R, 1, in, n, ng, v, th in this, 
z, zh, in azure, b, d and g are heavy; f, th in think, s, sh in 
shall, w, y and h are light. The heavy sounds may be 
either whispered or spoken; the light are always whispered. 
Fourteen occur in pairs, one of which is light and the other 
heavy; the pair being produced with the organs of speech, 
in the same position, the light by a sharp or aspirated 
breath, and the heavy by a soft breathing. The pairs of 
sounds are v, f; th in this, and th in think; z, s; zh, sh; b, 
p; d, t; g, k. 

2. Vowels also occur in pairs, the long and the short, 
each pair being of the same quality and produced by organs 
in the same position, differing only in length. 

3. Long vowels occur in emphatic or accented syl- 
lables terminated by a vowel or heavy consonant; in all 
other connections or situations vowels are short. 

4. All vowels may be uttered singly as long as the 
breath can be expelled, but in speech they conform to the 
foregoing rule. 

5. In the following table of words these sounds are 
indicated by the letters in italics. The student should pro- 
nounce each word slowly several times, then drop all but 
the sound represented by the italic letters, and he will then 
have the true sound: 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 







VOWELS. 








eel 


eat 


psalm 


ask 




full 


foot 


die 


ate 


hod 


hot 




cull 


cut 


ill 


it 


all 


ought 




cur 


cu't 


ell 


net 


coal 


coat 








air 


at 


tool 


toot 












CONSONANTS 








ray 


veal 


/eat 


be 


pea 




way 


Zay 


this 


think 


day 


tea 




uea 


nay 


zeal 


seal 










way 


azure 


s/iall 


g*y 


key 




aay 


sing 















6. Emphasis increases the length of long vowels and 
the force of short ones, and transforms the vowel of a syl- 
lable terminated by a vowel or heavy consonant from a short 
to a long one. 

7. VOWELS constitute the more important part of 
speech. By their aid alone we are able to determine the 
words of a speaker. The vowels are the more prominent 
lines of the picture, while the consonants are the more 
delicate finish. 

8. These sounds are produced by the passage of the 
breath through tubes formed by the throat and mouth, or 
throat and nose, variously modified by the vocal cords, 
teeth, tongue and lips. 

9. The action of the vocal cords is not very apparent, 
but that of the teeth, tongue and lips may be easily deter- 
mined by the use of a glass and the forefinger. 

10. Beginning with the sound of e in eel or eat, the 
teeth and lips are slightly separated, the tongue thrust for- 
ward to the lower teeth, and the breath, after being modi- 
fied by the vocal cords, is expelled through the mouth. 
Passing through the list of sounds as given in the preced- 
ing table, from e to the sound of a in all or aught, at each 
succeeding sound the teeth are slightly opened from the 
preceding position and the tongue slightly drawn back and 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 7 

the breath expelled as before. From the sound of a in all 
to the sound of oo in tool and toot, at each succeeding 
sound the tongue is slightly raised, the lips thrust forward 
and the aperture between them rounded. For u and oo in 
full and foot, the lips are relaxed, the aperture between 
them flattened and the tongue lowered and thrust forward. 
For u in cull and cut the tongue is slightly drawn back. 
For u in cur the tongue is slightly raised and its end drawn 
back so as to flatten it on the end. 

11. Proceeding to the most nearly related consonant 
sound, r in ray, thrust forward the end of the tongue from 
its position for u in cur, turning it upward. For 1 thrust 
the tongue forward to the upper teeth. For n withdraw 
the tongue slightly, expelling the breath through the nose. 
For m close the lips firmly and expel the breath through 
the nose. For ng open the teeth and lips, raise the body of 
the tongue to the palate and expel the breath through the 
nose. All the preceding sounds are produced by a soft 
breathing For f and v place the upper teeth on the lower 
lip and expel the breath softly for v, and sharply, or with 
an aspiration, for f. For th place the end of the tongue 
against the upper teeth and expel the breath softly for the 
heavy sound, and sharply for the light one. For z and s 
withdraw the end of the tongue behind the gums and 
expel the breath softly for z and sharply for s. For zh and 
sh withdraw the tongue slightly, and expel the breath softly 
for zh and sharply for sh. For b and p place the lips in 
the same position as for m, forcing the lips open as the 
breath is expelled, softly for b, and sharply for p, through 
the mouth. For d and t open the lips and place the tongue 
jus"t back of the position for 1, and expel the breath softly 
for d, and sharply for t. For g and k the body of the 
tongue is raised to the palate and the breath expelled, 
softly for g, and sharply for k. For w place the organs in 
position midway between that for u in full, and that for oo 
in tool, and then pronounce the following vowel; the first 



8 PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 

sound uttered will be the sound of w. In like manner, for 
y, place the organs in a position midway between the posi- 
tions for e in eel and i in ill, and then pronounce the fol- 
lowing vowel; the first sound uttered will be y. H is a 
sharp or aspirated sound, produced by suddenly raising the 
diaphragm and expelling the breath through the open 
organs. 

12. To represent these sounds and their combinations, 
in words, to the eye, is the province of writing. There are 
two methods of doing this, the Ideographic or word-sign 
method, in which each word is represented by a distinct 
and independent sign, and the Phonetic or sound-sign 
method, in which each sound is represented by a distinct 
and invariable sign. In the word-sign method language 
can be represented more briefly than in the Phonetic, but 
it is much harder to learn and remember. It is possible by 
this method to represent five hundred words by one move- 
ment of the pen, each, and one hundred thousand more 
by two movements each, giving to each word a distinct sign. 

13. The system now in general use is theoretically 
Phonetic, but practically Ideographic, each letter repre- 
senting from two to nine different sounds, and each sound 
being represented by from two to twenty different letters 
and combinations of letters, and that without law or order, 
rendering it utterly impossible to spell a single word in the 
language, from its pronunciation, or to pronounce a single 
word from its spelling with any degree of certainty. 
Neither does it possess the virtue of brevity, as each word, 
on an average, requires from fifteen to fifty movements of 
the pen in its formation. 

14. The Stenographies now and heretofore in use, 
though very much briefer, are quite as hard to learn and 
remember. 

15. Word-Painting so combines both methods as to be 
easily learned and remembered, easily written, and very 
brief and legible. 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 9 

♦ 

In the following alphabet the letters are so arranged as 
to show their relations to each other, their similarities and 
dissimilarities. 

16. The VOWELS being the more PROMINENT 
SOUNDS of spoken language, are given the more PROMI- 
NENT SIGNS in written language, having twice the 
length of the heavy consonants and four times the length 
of the light consonants. M and n, being the lightest of 
the heavy consonants, to make room for ng and oy, are also 
given the shorter signs. 

17. The character of vowels as to being short or long 
being determined by a simple rule, it is deemed unnecessary 
to give different signs to distinguish them. 

18. The diphthongs, i, ow in cow, oy in boy, and iew 
in view, on account of the difficulty of their Phonetic 
analysis, and to secure somewhat greater brevity, are given 
simple signs. For similar reasons, j in James, ch in church, 
kw in quick and hw in what, are given signs compounded 
of the signs which represent their elements in the alphabet 
of simple sounds. The medial length signs of the heavy 
consonants and compound vowels may be distinguished by 
shading or thickening as well as by length, from the shorter 
light consonants and the longer ^simple vowels. This will 
make the writing somewhat more legible to the beginner, 
but will become unnecessary as he becomes more familiar 
with word forms and more expert in giving the relative 
length of his signs in writing. 

19. The beginner should use triple-ruled paper till he 
becomes quite familiar with the relative length of signs, 
after which he may use single-ruled paper, or even paper 
without ruling at all, after he has become quite familiar 
with all the signs. 



10 PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



DEFINITIONS. 



20. Alphabet. A collection of letters used to repre- 
sent the sounds of a language. 

Simple sounds. Sounds produced by a single im- 
pulse of the voice. 

Compound sounds. Sounds requiring more than one 
impulse of the voice. 

Vowel. An unobstructed sound that may constitute 
a syllable. 

Consonant. A sound that cannot by itself constitute 
a syllable; usually obstructed. 

Continuants. Sounds, the pronunciation of which 
may be continued as long as the breath can be expelled. 

Abrupts. Sounds that are cut short in the pronunci- 
ation. 

Lingo dental. A sound shaped by the tongue and 
teeth. 

Labial. A sound shaped by the lips. 

Medial. Between the other two classes. 

Liquids. Sounds that readily coalesce or unite with 
other sounds. 

Nasals. Sounds shaped in the nose. 

Position. The relation of the direction of a line 
drawn from one end of a sign to the other, to the line of 
writing. 

21. The position of the letters of this alphabet are 
either perpendicular, horizontal, or at an angle of forty -five, 
sixty-seven or twenty-three degrees. 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



11 



22. The alphabet should be so thoroughly learned in 
place, that each sign will be instantly associated with its 
place. It should also be learned in the following order. 
The sounds and names of vowels are indicated by the italic 
leters of the Key-words. The Key-word gives the name of 
the consonants, and the italicized letters their sounds: 

eel ill ale ell air balm was all coal 



V \ 



tool fall cull cur ahr el en em h\g vee ef 



\ '""■'/ o ° 



thee eUi zee ess zhee esh bee pea dee tea oay 



k&y way yen a ay I how hoy view jay cliay 



23. The following diagrams show the sources from 
which the alphabet is derived :* 



\ }y -\i^ 



OO'vQ 



O o () O 



PRINTING STYLE OF WORD PAINTING. 

25. For this style set the type as in common print. 



WR& 



m& 



26. Use the letters that represent the sounds of words, 
not their common spelling. 

* See alphabet on page 31 . 



12 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



GENERAL RULES. 

27. Punctuate as in common print; or, write one 
small dot for a comma, two for a semicolon, thus, .., and 
two thus, : for a colon. A straight line twice the length of 
a vowel may be written for a period, thus | , and for a 
dash, thus — ; [j may be used for parenthesis. Accent 
may be indicated by thickening the accented vowels, and 
emphasis by thickening all the signs of the word, 
as — I said the dog, not a dog. The dog, 



^y.<)wfi(*riV.Ci-ii J k-..if K- . 


not the cat. Letters may be capitalized 


kXcA^i o^,oo)-^ \f 


A^fS^)| 


thus: .John -Smith, Peter Barnes, Will. Shum. 



28. Let each sign be formed with accuracy, so that a 
correct habit may be formed at the beginning. 

Legibility depends in a great measure on the accuracy 
with which the work is done. 

It is not worth while to write that which cannot be 
read. Speed will come from practice and the brevity and 
simplicity of the system written, and not from careless 
writing. 



FULLHAND STYLE OF WORD PAINTING. 

EXPEDIENT. 

29. Uniting the letters of each word to save lifting 



the pen between letters. 

30. 
word and 



30. Commence writing with the first letter of the 



W.**ir\ 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



13 



write so that the body of the word shall run from left 

lf*l 




to right, or from above downward, writing each letter 



s » € • ^ t ^ 'M ■ (T- ■ /> «- 



in any direction, forward, backward, upward 



t-^-t 



or downward, that will give the most easily 




written and most legible forms, and keep the word 




most nearly on the line of writing, giving 



^ /^^^ct^ 



the letters the position they occupy in the alphabet, 





with very slight variations, to secure better joinings, 

M 

or more legible forms. The length of signs counts from 



Vo > *3^-\& I v^ W^t 



14 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTI>"G. 



the intersections. The shorter signs should be made as brief 



<r ^8 #•* 



as is consistent with ease of writing and legibility. 




HOLDING THE PEN. 

31. Take the pen between the forefingers of the right 
hand, holding the nib nearly parallel with the line of 
writing. Let the lower fingers rest on the paper or table, 
carrying the arm and wrist nearly or quite free from them; 
doing the work with the arm, rather than with the fingers. 
With the pen in this position, letters may be written either 
up or down, with nearly equal facility. 

32. Rarely a word, if written continuously, may ex- 
tend too far below or above the line. Such words may be 
divided and the parts written very closely together. 



PRINCIPLES OF BREVITY. 

33. Shorter signs are more quickly written than longer 
ones, if not so short as to require too much care in their 
formation. 

For brevity, forms, movements and joinings are to be 
preferred in the following order ,2each taking preference in 
the order given: 

Forms. Straight lines, quarter circles, half circles, 
circles, three-quarter circles. 

Joinings. Without angles, acute angles, righiangles, 
obtuse angles. 

Movements. Forward, downward, upward, back- 
ward. 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 15 

BUSINESS STYLE OF WORD-PAINTING. 

34. This style of Word-Painting differs from the pre- 
ceding styles in having lists of syllabic and word signs. 

EXPEDIENTS. 

35. The use of syllabic signs, by which the forms of 
words are very greatly abbreviated. 

36. The use of eight arbitrary signs to represent eight 
little words that occur with such frequency as to constitute 
about one-tenth of all English composition. 

37. The use of suggestive word signs to represent some 
of the more frequently occurring words of the language. 

38. Place by which the available number of simple 
word signs is quadrupled. 

39. The staff by which place is made available. 

40. Phraseography, which saves lifting the pen be- 
tween words. 



DEFINITIONS. 

41. Syllabic sign. A sign used to represent a syl- 
lable. 

Sign syllable. A syllable that may be represented by 
a Syllabic sign. 

Word sign. A sign used to represent a word. 

Sign word. A word that may be represented by a 
Word sign. 

Staff. That part of the page occupied by a line of 




writing, consisting of three parallel lines separated by two 
spaces, each one twelfth of an inch in width. 

Place. The staff is divided into four places, to corre- 
spond with place in the alphabet. 



16 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



Phraseogram. Words constituting a phrase joined 
together. 



SYLLABIC SIGNS. 

The signs in the following table are used to repre- 
sent the sounds indicated by the letters in italics in the key 
word, and they may be so used whether they constitute a 
complete syllable or not: 

Vellum, cement, instead, therein, theory, taxes, Indus, 









• <y 
c 


C 


m 


% • 


passive, 
tree, 


f\tfal, elision, nation, wahoo, wattle, youthi 


al, yew- 


f 








§ 


m 

o C 


r 


earnest, 


ultra, story, lowly, idh 


i, outer, 


oily, refwgee. 












r 


** Q. 

<-•* 


m 



The alphabetic sign, uh t being always followed by r, in 
English, is used as a syllabic sign for that combination 
without loss of legibility. I, ow, oy and iew properly 
belong to this list, rather than to the alphabetic signs. 
These signs are joined in words the same as alphabetic 
signs. (See paragraph 30.) 



SYLLABIC HOOK SIGN. 

44. A small hook at the beginning of a sign, on either 
side of a straight sign and on the concave side of a curved 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



17 



sign, indicates con ; as in confab, condense ; slightly elon- 
gated, it may indicate com; as in commence, commode, 
commit. 

45. A small book at the end of a sign indicates ed; as 
in started; somewhat elongated, it indicates ing; as starting. 
Contain, condense, commence, conduct, commode, started, 
starting, invited, inviting. 



. <^>. y 1 A . ^ . h* '. y*w 



It may be written on either side of straight signs, and 
on the concave side of convex signs. 

46. There are certain obscure sounds occurring before 
m, n, r and 1, about which authorities differ, which may, 
with accompanying consonants, be represented by a syllabic 
sign, with some gain in brevity, legibility, and in conform- 
ity to common usage, in both public and private speech. 



PREFIX AND AFFIX DOT SIGNS. 

47. A dot at the beginning of a sign indicates pre; as 
in precede, predict. On the convex side of a curved sign, 
on the left of perpendicular and the lower side of sloping 
and horizontal straight signs, it indicates pro ; as profane, 
propose, protect. The side of the sign on which it occurs 
is called the pro dot side of the sign. 

48. A dot on the side of the sign opposite the pro dot 
indicates pro; as profit, product, promise; and the side of 
the sign on which it occurs is called the pro dot side of the 
sign. Precede, predict; profane, propose, protest; profit, 
product, promise. 



A dot at the end of a sign, on the pio dot die, in. 



18 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



dicates arity; as in vulgarity, singularity, popularity. On 
the pro dot side it indicates ality; as in reality, individu- 
ality, totality. 

Vulgarity, singularity, popularity, reality, individuality, 
totality. 



l.-<J>-^'-\ 



PREFIX AND AFFIX DASH SIGNS. 

49. A dash may be written before a sign beginning a 
word, for counter; as countersign, countermand. On the 
pro dot side of a sign it indicates col ; as in collision, col- 
lide, column. On the pro dot side of a sign it indicates 
par; as in party, particular. 

Countersign, countermand, collision, collide, column, 
party, particular. 



PREFIX AND AFFIX CIRCLE SIGNS- 

50. A large circle on the pro dot side of a sign, at 
either end of the sign, indicates fore; as in foreclose, fore- 
taste, therefore, wherefore. At the beginning of a sign on 
the pro dot side, it indicates super or supra; as in super- 
abound supra-naturalist. At the end of a sign it indicates 
ology or alogy; as analogy, theology. 

Foreclose, foretaste, therefore, wherefore, superabound, 
supranaturalist, analogy. 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



19 



51. ARBITRARY WORD SIGNS. 

It, in, to, the, not, a or an, of, and. 



B 




52. These signs may be united in phrases, as given 
below: 

It in, it to, it the, it not, it a or it an, it of, it and, in 
it, into, 




in the, in a or in an, to it, to the, to a or to an, not it, not 
in, not to, not the, 




of it, of the, of a or of an, and it, and in, and to, and the, 
and a or and an, and of. 




SUGGESTIVE WORD-SIGNS. 

53. A vowel word-sign should be written on the staff 
in the place occupied in the alphabet by a principal conso- 
nant of its sign-word. 

54. A consonant word-sign should occupy on the 
staff the place occupied in the alphabet by the vowel, or 
the first primarily accented vowel, if it has one, in its 
sign- word. 



20 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



55. A first place word-sign should have its perpen- 
dicular center on the upper line of the staff. A second 
place word-sign should have its perpendicular center in the 
middle of the upper space. 

56. A third place word-sign should have its perpen- 
dicular center in the middle of the lower space. 

57. A fourth place word-sign should have its perpen- 
dicular center on the lower line of the staff. 



58. MATERIAL FOR WORD-SIGNS, WITH NAME OF 
EACH SIGN. 



i 


a 


e 


ai 


ah 


6 


an 


ii 


aa 


ee 


ai ai 


ah ah 


66 


au au 



#-~i^'^: ( ( ■"^ 


O 


6o 


66 


ii 


ul 


el 


en 


in 


00 


00 Of) 


66 66 


uii 


uh uh 


are 


un 


ing 


A 


V 


On 


7, 


1 o : 


o 


."•■}$■'>'/. 


c/ 


A 




Y 


/ 


■Effli 


O 


\J 


— 



oy vee 


the zee 


em ef 


eth ess 


um ive 


there ez 


ment ful 


thea us 



zhee be ga iew I 

esh pea ka way yea 

zhun dea ow wau yoo 

shun tea hay woh view 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



21 



LIST OF SUGGESTIVE WORD-SIGNS, 

VOWEL WORD-SIGNS. 





1st Place. 


| 2d Place. 


1 3d Place. 


| 4th Place 




be 


these 


hear 


frequent 




if 


did 


his 


him 




may 


they 


great 


take 




ever | 


self 


sent 


whether 




am 


can 


than 


had 




my 


might 


are 


why 




from 


object 


proper 


what 




often 


thought 


or 


cause 




both 


though 


those 


hope 




whom 


too 


whose 


who 




would 


put 




should 




much 


done 


other 


country 




world 


third 


first 


perfect 




CONSONANT 


WORD-SIGNS. 




^E 


remember 


member 


more 


our 


lS 


will 


well 


told 


all 




been 


then 


no 


on 




prevent 


any 


one 


nor 




in 


senate 


unto 


now 




me 


men 


man 


amount 




miss 


made 


some 


come 




mister 


make 


among 






being 




language 


long 




even 


very 


have 


govern 




give 


never 


over 


ourselves 




few 


formation 


after 


for 




full 


favor 


fact 


of 



22 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



this 


them 


that 


thy 


either 




there 


thou 


think 


truth 


thank 




is 


president 


as 


proposition 


use 


resolution 


does 




see 


yes 


so 


saw 


use 


several 


us 


ask 


leisure 


measure 
pleasure 




occasion 


she 


appropriation 


shall 


short 


sure 


declaration 






before 


subject 


but 


by 


to 


place 


up 


part 


could 


do 


heard 


down 


it 


tell 


at 


not 


good 


gave 


go 


God 


the 


came 


and 


call 


we 


way 


away 


was 


with 


went 


where 


warrant 


which 




were 




year 


you 




beyond 


usual 








ye 


yet 






he 


when 


has 


how 


precise 


time 


I 


while 


about 


out 
join 


a or an 


account 


view 


duty 


presume 






general 


judge 
church 




four 




therefore 


heretofore 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 23 

WORD SIGNS ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED IN THE 
ORDER OF THE ROMANIC ALPHABET. 



a or an 3 


1 down 4 


about 1 |Sa| 


1 duty 2 


ac'ct 4 |HFg 


1 each 1 


after 3 WS 


| either 1 


am 1 


I even 1 


among 3 


very 2 


amount 4 


few 1 


and 3 


first 3 


all 4 Wfi 


for 4 


any 2 


formation 2 


appropriation 2 W$m 


from 1 


are 3 Big 




ask 1 SFjSf 


i frequent 4 


as 3 BS 


fulll 


at 3 


gave 2 


away 3 H8g 


give 1 


be i mm 


general 2 


been 1 


go 3 


before 1 


God 4 


being 1 


good 1 


beyond 4 


great 3 


both 1 


grate 3 


but 3 


govern 4 


buy 4 


had 4 


can 2 


have 3 


came 2 


has 3 


cause 4 


he 1 

hear 3 


cent 3 




church 3 


fact 3 




him 4 


come 4 


his 3 


could 1 


hope 4 


country 4 Gp9 


how 4 


declaration 2 


I 3 


did 2 S3 


in 1 

isl 


do 2 BJ| 


itl 


does 2 


if 1 


done 2 III 


judge 3 



join 2 
know 3 
language 3 
leisure 1 
long 4 
made 2 
man 3 
make 2 

may 1 
me 1 

measure 2 
member 2 
men 2 
might 2 
miss 1 
mister 1 
mite 2 
more 3 

much 1 
my 1 

never 2 
no 3 
nor 4 
not 4 
now 4 
occasion 4 

object 2 
of 4 
often 1 
on 4 
one 3 
or 3 
other 3 
our 4. 
out 2 
over 3 
part 4 

perfect 4 



24 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



place 2 
pleasure 2 
precise 1 
give 

proper 3 

proposition 4 
president 2 
presume 3 
put 2 

remember 1 
resolution 2 
saw 4 
see 1 
self 2 
senate 2 
sent 3 
several 2 
sew 3 
sum 3 
shall 3 
she 1 
should 4 
short 4 

so 3 

subject 2 
sure 1 
take 4 

tell 2 
than 3 
thank 3 
that 3 
thel 
their 3 
them 2 
then 2 
there 3 
these 2 
they 2 
think 1 



third 2 ■» 


whose 3 


this 1 


why 4 


though 2 BNjj 


will 1 


thought 2 jfftffl 


with 1 


those 3 B9 


won 3 


thy 4 


world 1 


time 2 


would 1 


tol 


year 1 


too 2 BIS 


yes 1 




yet 2 


told 3 


you 2 


two 2 


signs 




omitted 


up 3 


by 4 


us 3 iKl 


heard 3 


use n 1 BnBe 


ourselves 4 


use v 1 RfeS 




usual 1 E^fl 


here 3 


BAH 


some 3 


very 2 IjffHf 


sow 3 


view 1 BPgg 


usual 1 


warrant 4 E9£ 

was A P^S 


four 




way 2 flMffli 


therefore 


we 1 RSil 


1 heretofore 


went 2 ffgH 




well 2 AH 


truth 
| made 


weigh 2 




were 3 




what 4 




when 2 




where 3 




whether 4 




while 4 




which 1 




who 4 





whom 1 



60. In the preceding list, in which the words are ar- 
ranged in the order of the Koraan alphabet, the figure fol- 
lowing each word indicates the place its sign should occupy 
on the staff. 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 25 

62. Two or more word-signs of the same place may 
be united in a phrase when the combination will not form 
another word, for which it may be mistaken. 

63. Two or more words having the same sounds may 
be represented by the same signs. 

64. Derivative word-signs may be formed from primi- 
tive word-signs, in accordance with the following rules, 
when the combination so formed will not make another 
word for which they may be mistaken. TV hen past time is 
indicated by a regular verb without increasing the number 
of syllables, add a dee or a tea to the primitive; as in cause, 
caused; hope, hoped; object, objected; grate, grated. If 
the number of s} r llables is increased, add the ed-hook to the 
last sign of the primitive; as in object, objected; grate, 
grated. 

65. To form the possessive case or a regular plural, 
add ess, zee, or ez to the primitive; as in object, objects; 
other, others; language, languages. 

66. Word-signs may be united to represent [a word 
formed of the words represented by the signs united; as 
himself, grateful. 3k. 

Caused, hoped, objected, grated; objects; others;' lan- 
guages, churches; himself, grateful. 



^ ... -y . j. .. y.. ;/> .. ^ . ^ ^-3-h 



69. A word-sign may take ess or zee to indicate the 
third person singular. 

70. This list of word-signs may seem formidable to 
beginners, but its signs are not nearly so numerous as the 
abbreviations of common writing, while on account of 
the much greater frequency of their occurrence, they are 
much more easily remembered, and have at least ten times 
greater abbreviating power. In ten thousand words of 
English composition, the word the occurs about seven hun- 



Zb PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 

dred times, while the words doctor of divinity or doctor of 
law would not occur more than one or two times. Thus the 
use of a sign for the saves seven hundred movements of the 
pen, while the use of a sign for either of the others would 
not save more than ten or fifteen. If the writer does not 
choose to use the word-signs, there can be no impropriety 
in writing each word in full, and his correspondent should 
have no difficulty in reading it. The reader can always 
refer to his word-sign list for the meaning of an unknown 
sign as he would to a dictionary for any other word. 

71. These signs are so arranged with reference to use 
and meaning, that should the proper difference in place 
not be made between a first and second place sign, or be- 
tween a third and fourth place sign, the experienced writer 
will have no difficult? in reading them. 



EASY REPORTING STYLE OF WORD PAINTING. 

72. This style differs from the preceding styles in the 
use of vowel and syllabic skeletons and compound conso- 
nant word-signs. 

EXPEDIENTS. 

73 The use of vowel and syllabic skeletons and of 
compound consonant word-signs. 

74. d As the VOWELS constitute the more PROMI- 
NENT SOUNDS of spoken language, so the VOWEL 
SIGNS constitute the more SUGGESTIVE SIGNS of 
written language. Hence, their use in the vowel skeleton 
very greatly increases the legibility of writing, and as they 
are only half as numerous as consonants, it also very 
materially increases the brevity of writing; and as syllabic 
signs combine the vovel and consonant in one sign, the 
use of the syllabic skeleton still more increases both 
brevity and legibility. 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



27 



75. These two expedients, in these respects, are 
more than equal to all other stenographic expedients com- 
bined. 

DEFINITIONS. 

Vowel skeleton. A word-form composed of vowels 
only. 

Syllabic skeleton. A word-form composed of sylla- 
bic signs only. 

Vowel and syllabic skeleton. A word-form com- 
posed of vowel and syllabic signs. 

Compound consonant word-sign. A word-sign com- 
posed of two or more consonant signs. 

Word-form. Any sign or combination of signs used 
to represent a word. 

79. Write all monosyllables in full. All words not 
represented by word-signs may be written in accordance 
with the following rules: 

Kepresent all derivative words by word-forms com- 
posed of the word-form of the primitive word and the 
vowel or syllabic sign, or signs of the added syllable or 
syllables of the derivative word. 

Horses, trotter, fitful, daylight, homeless, beautiful, 
lover. 




80. Kepresent all other words by their vow T el and syl- 
labic signs joined as other signs. (See paragraph 30.) 




Write all skeletons in the place occupied in the alpha- 
bet by the first consonant, or first after an 



28 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 




initial prefix sign of the word represented. 



ss 



81. A vowel occurring twice in succession in a skele- 
ton, may be written double length; as in repeat, analyze, 
spirit, writing the first half in its proper place, the same as 
if not repeated. 

Repeat, analyze, spirit, apropos, analysis, boohoo. 




Words not sufficiently distinguished by the skeletons 
authorized by the preceding rules may be so distinguished 
by the use of one or more consonant signs; as dejection, 
ejection, election, reseat, recede. 

Ejection, dejection, election, repeat, reseat, recede. 




A phraseogram, consisting of a grammatical phrase or 
of other words frequently occurring in connection, may be 
formed by uniting the signs representing the words, writ- 
ing the first in its proper place. 

When the use of a syllabic sign will increase the legi- 
bility of writing, without 




PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



29 



diminishing its brevity, it should be used; as in inebriate, 
inculcate. 




85. Past time, the possessive case and plural number 
are added to skeletons as to word signs. (See paragraphs 
64, 65.) 

86. All the contractions of the preceding styles are 
used in this style. 

87. Skeletons may be filled out thus: 
Inebriate, inculcate, abbreviate, alone, sustain. 



^U^L 



VERBATIM OR PROFESSIONAL STYLE OF REPORTING. 

The professional reporter should have a thorough 
knowledge of the English language; of its grammatical 
construction; the meaning, use and relations of words, and 
their phonetic analysis; a special knowledge of the subject 
to be reported; and a very extensive fund of general infor- 
mation. 

89. This style differs from the preceding style in hav- 
ing an extended list of word-signs, and in having all words 
of more than two letters, not represented by a word-sign, 
written with vowel and syllabic skeletons. 

90. Represent all monosyllables of more than two 
letters beginning with a vowel, by a 




30 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



skeleton composed of the vowel and first consonant written 
in the place of the second consonant. 




91. Represent monosyllables, ending with a vowel, 
by the vowel and first preceding consonant, 




written in the place its first consonant occupies in the 
alphabet. 




92. Represent all other monosyllables by their 
vowels and first succeeding consonant, written in the place 
of their first consonant. 



m 





Other words are written as in the preceding style. 
(See paragraphs 79 to 87.) 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



31 



*i 




H 




5 


3 




i 






o 




E" 




? 












c 
% 




a 




8 


a 










P" 


1 






E. 


•o 










n 




ST 




w 


I 










5* 


1 


o 




f 


<t> 










o 




a> 




<■: 












A 


1 






• 














balm 
ask 

was 




-fir 
at 

Bff] 


s 


ale 

elln 


ate ■ 
et 1 


fat 
til 
it 


Lingo den- 
tals 


< 

o 

a. 










uot 


IB 


c»r 


cu't B5 








Medials 


►a 
f 

M 

O 










all 




eoi 


1 


tool 




full 




3 






awght 




ooa 


t 


toot 




foot 


Labials 


2 




> 






MpjB 


a/e 




el 








o 
z 


F 


Liquids . . . 


H 




















o2 


> 








si/? 


9 


en 




em 


Nasal hums 


2 z 
5 d 






















§3 


H 




zhee 




:ee 




thee 




vee 


Buzzes 


» m 
2- 

05 


O 






esh 




BS 




eth 




e/ 


Hisses 




4 

o 
























9*7 








dee 




6ee 


Buzzes 


> 

w 
S 
d 


§ 




kay 








tea 




pea 






















Whispers. . . 


^ 




hay 








yea 




way 




? 


i— i 

p 




I 












view 




2 




















►-o 






how; 
















o 










































d 






boy 
















a 


en 
O 

C 






kw& 








jay 








oo 

O CO 

P " 

03 






hum 








Cha 


y 






o 

p 

B 
P 




W 

9 






« W 

B g 




3 2 


3 










0? 






2 ^ 




© 2. 

c **" 













g 






5-3 




S=l 


3 










o 






• p- 




" &• 


o 










p 






a 




D- 


P 
































t? 






<B 




5" 


p- 











32 



PHONETIC WORD PAINTING. 



John L, 1—18. 



(easy reporting style.) 



V ^ W.^L 



r—r 



^-'^% 



^s. 







Sermon on the Mount : Matt. V., I — 14 



(PBQPISSIONAL REPOBTINa STYLE.) 




PHONETIC WORD PAINTING 



The briefest, most leyible, most easily learned 
and most easily written system of 

Shorthand ever invented. 
So simple that a child may learn it. 



PRICE, 25 CENTS. 



Smalley's Phonetic Dictionary, 800 pages - - $4.00 

Phonetic Testament, Longley, - - - .75 

Eclectic Manual of Phonography, Longley, - .75 

The above works will be sent on receipt of price, also 

Triple ruled paper, page 7x8?, inches, double, 25 
cents per quire. 

Address 

CHAS. C. CHASE, 

Washington Corners, 

Alameda Co., Cal. 



In course of preparation for press: 

The Reporter's Vocabulary and Phraseographer, 
Price, 25 cents. 

Word Painting for Children— Shorthand and Common 
Spelling in opposite columns. Price, 25 cts. 



* 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



lllllllfllllllllllltil 

027 275 566 8 




